\u201eZrozen\u00ed Venu\u0161e\u201c (kolem roku 1485) je jedno z nejpoeti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mistrovsk\u00fdch d\u011bl italsk\u00e9 renesance, kter\u00e9 si Sandro Botticelli objednal pro rodinu Medicejsk\u00fdch. Obraz zobrazuje bohyni l\u00e1sky a kr\u00e1sy, zrozenou z mo\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u011bny a vzn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed se na b\u0159eh na mu\u0161li. Nen\u00ed to jen mytologick\u00e1 sc\u00e9na, ale alegorie duchovn\u00edho a kulturn\u00edho znovuzrozen\u00ed.
\nNa rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161iny obraz\u016f t\u00e9 doby, kter\u00e9 byly malov\u00e1ny temperou na d\u0159ev\u011b, bylo \u201eZrozen\u00ed Venu\u0161e\u201c provedeno na pl\u00e1tn\u011b \u2013 v 15. stolet\u00ed rarita. To Botticellimu umo\u017enilo vytvo\u0159it v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pl\u00e1tno (172 x 278 cm) a vyu\u017e\u00edt jemn\u00e9 barevn\u00e9 p\u0159echody.
\n\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed postava, Venu\u0161e, je zobrazena nah\u00e1, co\u017e byl pro k\u0159es\u0165anskou Evropu revolu\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup. Nahota zde v\u0161ak nen\u00ed erotick\u00e1, ale idealizovan\u00e1: Venu\u0161ino t\u011blo p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 antick\u00e9 sochy, ale postr\u00e1d\u00e1 anatomickou p\u0159esnost \u2013 je prot\u00e1hl\u00e9, p\u016fvabn\u00e9, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00e9terick\u00e9.
\nKompozice je postavena na kontrastu: vlevo vanou Zef\u00fdr a Chloris, zosob\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edtr a jaro, aby p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eili Venu\u0161i k b\u0159ehu; vpravo jedna z H\u00f3r (Hodin), p\u0159ipraven\u00e1 zakr\u00fdt bohyni pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bm. Jedn\u00e1 se o pohyb od chaosu k \u0159\u00e1du, od p\u0159\u00edrody ke kultu\u0159e.
\nVenu\u0161ina tv\u00e1\u0159 vyjad\u0159uje melancholii, nikoli radost. Toto je odkaz na neoplat\u00f3nskou filozofii, popul\u00e1rn\u00ed v kruhu Medicejsk\u00fdch: prav\u00e1 kr\u00e1sa nevyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed, ale touhu po bo\u017esk\u00e9m, po v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9m.<\/p>\n
\nPozad\u00ed obrazu je minimalistick\u00e9 \u2013 mo\u0159e a nebe bez horizontu. To vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pocit nad\u010dasovosti a prostoru a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje mytologickou povahu sc\u00e9ny. Mu\u0161le, na kter\u00e9 Venu\u0161e stoj\u00ed, je symbolem \u010distoty a znovuzrozen\u00ed.
\nObraz byl d\u00e1vno zapomenut a znovuobjeven a\u017e v 19. stolet\u00ed, kdy v n\u011bm prerafaelit\u00e9 a romantici vid\u011bli ide\u00e1l \u010dist\u00e9, vzne\u0161en\u00e9 kr\u00e1sy. Dnes je um\u00edst\u011bn v galerii Uffizi ve Florencii.
\n\u201eZrozen\u00ed Venu\u0161e\u201c ovlivnilo m\u00f3du, film a reklamu. Jej\u00ed p\u00f3za, lastura a rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 vlasy se staly archetypy \u017eensk\u00e9 kr\u00e1sy. Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit: nejde jen o estetick\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ale o filozofick\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o podstat\u011b l\u00e1sky a um\u011bn\u00ed.
\nBotticelli neusiloval o realismus \u2013 jeho styl je line\u00e1rn\u00ed, dekorativn\u00ed, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ikonick\u00fd. To zd\u016fraz\u0148uje sp\u00ed\u0161e symbolickou ne\u017e iluzorn\u00ed povahu obrazu.
\n\u201eZrozen\u00ed Venu\u0161e\u201c je hymnou na lidsk\u00e9ho ducha, schopn\u00e9ho povstat z chaosu. V dob\u011b v\u00e1lky, krize a cynismu n\u00e1m obraz p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee kr\u00e1sa, l\u00e1ska a harmonie jsou mo\u017en\u00e9 \u2013 sta\u010d\u00ed jim jen v\u011b\u0159it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u201eZrozen\u00ed Venu\u0161e\u201c (kolem roku 1485) je jedno z nejpoeti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mistrovsk\u00fdch d\u011bl italsk\u00e9 renesance, kter\u00e9 si Sandro Botticelli objednal pro rodinu Medicejsk\u00fdch. Obraz zobrazuje bohyni l\u00e1sky a kr\u00e1sy, zrozenou z mo\u0159sk\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":107,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-umeni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=106"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108,"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106\/revisions\/108"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aneurcontr.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}